More common eye conditions in Canada
Dry Eye
Dry eye is a common condition that occurs when eyes are not properly lubricated, often due to reduced tear production, poor tear quality, dehydration, or extended screen time. If left untreated, dry eyes can lead to irritation, inflammation, and damage to the eye’s surface. Typical symptoms include redness, burning or stinging sensations, watery eyes, and general discomfort. Treatment may involve using artificial tears (hydrating eye drops) or making small lifestyle adjustments to relieve strain and improve eye moisture.
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR)
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that damages the blood vessels in the retina and can lead to vision loss or blindness. In the early stages, there may be no noticeable symptoms, which is why people with diabetes should have regular dilated eye exams to catch problems early. As the condition develops, symptoms may include blurry vision, difficulty seeing at a distance, and the appearance of floating spots. Treatment options depend on the stage of DR. Advanced cases may require medications, injections, laser therapy, or surgery to help protect vision.
Cataracts
Cataracts occur when the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to blurry or dim vision. They often develop slowly with age and can affect daily activities like reading or driving. Treatment typically involves cataract surgery, where the cloudy lens is replaced with a clear artificial lens to restore vision.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a serious eye condition that damages the optic nerve after fluid accumulates in the front part of a person's eye. As fluid increases, so does the pressure on the eye, which can damage your optic nerve. Most people don't experience noticeable symptoms of glaucoma, which is why it's crucial to get regular eye exams that test eye pressure. People with higher eye pressure are at risk of developing glaucoma. Once glaucoma is present, damage can't be reversed; however, surgery and medication may help prevent further damage.
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Age-related macular degeneration affects central vision, causing issues with reading and driving. It may also interfere with daily activities. AMD doesn't typically cause total blindness, but it is one of the main causes of vision loss. Common symptoms may include dark or blurry areas in your vision, straight lines appearing wavy, or worsening colour perception. Getting regular eye exams will help your doctor determine what stage your AMD is at. Treatments can include supplements, injections, and photodynamic therapy. You may also consider eye sun safety, like wearing hats or protective sunglasses, to help prevent degeneration.
Pink eye
Pink eye is an inflammation or infection of the transparent membrane (conjunctiva) that covers the white area of the eyeball. When small blood vessels in the conjunctiva become inflamed, they're more visible, causing the whites of the eyes to appear reddish or pink. It may be caused by a viral or bacterial infection or an allergic reaction. Treatment for pink eye includes proper cleaning with a wet cloth, artificial tears, and using cold or warm compresses to help relieve discomfort.
Blurred vision
Blurred vision happens when objects appear fuzzy or out of focus due to a loss of visual clarity. It is often caused by fatigue, eye strain, or dry eyes, but it can also signal more serious eye conditions.
Computer Eye Strain
Computer eye strain, also known as digital eye strain, is a frequent condition that occurs after prolonged screen use. It can lead to dry eyes, eye discomfort, twitching, and other vision-related issues.
